Books About Goat

1996. 347pp. Improving goat production in the tropics: a manual for development workers By C. P. PeacockGoats play a vital role in the rural economy of many poor countries, and numerous projects have been established to encourage their development. But the extension workers employed on such projects are often untrained in goat production, and the only available textbooks are mostly very academic or irrelevant to tropical regions. Designed specifically for non-specialists, this step-by-step guide offers practical advice on goat-keeping in tropical climates, with comprehensive guidelines on how to plan and implement a goat-development programme, and carry out any practical activity associated with goats. With technical information clearly explained and a wealth of high-quality illustrations, the book will be of great value to field-workers, to government and NGO planners and managers, and to teachers and students of livestock development. Published in association with FARM-Africa.

2006. 135pp. The goat handbook By Ulrich Jaudas, Seyedmehdi MobiniGoats are economically valuable animals, but owners need basic information about their care, housing, breeding, and upkeep. Here is expert advice in non-technical language. Barron's popular line of "Pet Handbooks " resembles Barron's "Pet Owner's Manuals "series, but are larger, having more pages, more photos and line illustrations, and more detailed advice and information. Pet owners and soon-to-be owners will find reliable information from breeders, veterinarians, and pet care experts presented in easy-to-follow, handsomely designed volumes.

1994. 620pp. Goat medicine By Mary C. Smith, David M. ShermanIdeal for any practitioner concerned with promoting the health and productivity of commercial herds, this book constitutes a single complete source for current information on medical and behavioral problems, presenting signs, relevant diseases, drug therapies with precise dosages, management "pearls" and alternative approaches to care.

2000. 771pp. Veterinary clinical examination and diagnosis By O. M. Radostits, Ian G. Mayhew, Doreen Marie HoustonThis comprehensive text provides all of the information required to perform a thorough clinical examination of each organ system in common small and large animal species. Initial chapters on restraint, handling, and information gathering set the scene for sections on the particular skills necessary for examinations of different species, and detailed examinations of individual organ systems. Organ system chapters address additional tests available to practitioners to aid in diagnosis. Throughout this easily-accessible format, handy clinical boxes highlight key information. Tables and text boxes also place important information at your fingertips. Generously illustrated with line drawings, black and white photographs, and a color plate section, Veterinary Clinical Examination and Diagnosis provides all the tools needed to examine patients and reach a firm, confident diagnosis.

Kambing Boer Untuk Majlis Persaraan Pengurus Besar KPMNJ

Pada 29 Mac 2010 di Ladang Koperasi Melayu, Kahang, dua ekor kambing Boer akan disembelih dan dijadikan karkas untuk majlis tersebut. Ini adalah pertama kalinya kambing Boer yang diternakbiak oleh KPMNJ akan disembelih sendiri.

Majlis tersebut akan diadakan di LC Catering, Johor Bahru pada 30 Mac 2010.

Salam hormat,
CMK

2007: Goat and cattle breeding given importance

At the ECER launch in Kuala Terengganu on Oct 29, an MoU for a nucleus goat breeding research centre will be signed between the Department of Veterinary Services, Marditech Corporation Sdn Bhd and Terengganu Agrotech Development Corporation Sdn. Bhd.

To be located on a 900ha site, the centre will do research and development in goat breeding and husbandry and aims to boost income from the sector and reduce the country's import of mutton.

The farms will also double up as a resource centre and provide hands-on training for managers, professionals and researchers.

http://findarticles.com/p/news-articles/new-straits-times/mi_8016/is_20071026/goat-cattle-breeding-importance/ai_n44377611/

Development of Goat Farming In The 21st Century

http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0921448803002748

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to contribute to progress in the choices of strategies for further development of goat farming in the 21st century. During the last 20 years, the number of goats around the world increased (by about 60%) not only in the countries with low income (75%) but also in those with high (20%) or intermediate (25%) income. This situation is due to the capacity for adaptation by goats to very different environments, to the development of goat farming in developing countries where subsistence farming, barter economy and community culture are important, and where the market economy is relatively limited, and to the ecological image of goat farming and products in developed countries. Goat farming is in a good position to pursue its development in the 21st century, if a satisfactory policy is applied tactfully. For that, the factors explaining goat farming success during the end of the 20th century must be maintained and developed as the social aspects of goat farming in developing and developed countries, particularly in land management and the sociological integration into an economically sustainable life. Moreover we have to improve or maintain the good image of goat products. The two main improvements to bring into goat farming in the 21st century concern research organisations, which must encounter the needs of goat farmers and be well adapted to different production systems in order to lower the research deficit in the goat sector, and investments for better supplies particularly to the poor goat farmers.

Big Boost For Boer Breeding Project

Big boost for Boer breeding project (part of the article)
New Straits Times - February 5, 2008
R. Sittamparam

BOER goats will soon dot the fields of animal husbandry farms all over the country with the success of a high-technology Boer goat breeding project by the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (Mardi).

Mardi has employed the Advanced Reproductive Biotechnology (ARB), hich together with the National Animal Embryo Centre (NAEC), aims to stock the farms of breeders in the country with high quality breeds of the Boer goat. The goat produces mutton of the best quality with low fat content.
The ARB project involves the production of embryos from quality cows and goats especially imported from mutton-producing areas like South Africa and Australia that are bred at satellite and
breeding farms nationwide to create a livestock nucleus or elite group.

The government had also set up a National Boer Goat Farm in Pondok Tanjung, Perak, and a National Feedlot Centre in Negri Sembilan under this project. Agriculture and Agro-based Industry Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin, who visited the Kluang Mardi station recently, said the NAEC and ARB based at the station had been given due accreditation by the Boer Goat Breeders Association of South Africa. Two representatives from South Africa were present to deliver certificates to NAEC and ARB for the purpose.

"We're now encouraging more livestock farmers to breed the elite stock of Boer goats being produced here in helping the country achieve self-sufficiency in mutton supply. "Currently, only about nine-per cent of mutton is from locally bred goats but with this new project, we're confident of tremendously boosting our production." Muhyiddin said the government would ensure that livestock farmers interested in taking up Boer goat breeding get the necessary support from Bank Pertanian, Fund for Food, SME Bank and others, adding that this new bio-technology would also be used for breeding other livestock.

The Boer goat project was among the latest advances in biotechnology on display at the three-day Showcase Bio-Business Mardi 2008 at the Kluang Mardi station opened by Muhyiddin. Muhyiddin said the event would help promote Kluang as a national focus area for livestock development.

Nutritional Information About Goat Meat

Chevron (goats meat) contains comparatively higher values of iron, potassium and thiamine than other meats. (Eastridge and Johnson, 1990). Specifically, a serving size of 100g of goat meat includes the following micronutrients: potassium (209mg), selenium (8.8mcg) and zinc (4mg).
Goat meat is also a high quality protein source, with minimal cholesterol intake risk. (USDA).
Although goats milk is low in folate, it supplies all calcium requirements and is a useful option for those who are allergic to cow's milk.
Nutritional Information About Fat Content Of Goat Meat
Goat meat is 50-65 percent lower in fat than similarly prepared beef, but has a similar protein content. (USDA).
It contains up to 45 per cent less saturated fat than chicken, even with the skin removed. (USDA).
Goat meat has 40 percent less saturated fat than chicken (without skin) and 850 percent less than beef. (USDA).
The cholesterol content of chevron (goat meat) is similar to that of beef, lamb, pork, and chicken and much lower than some dairy, poultry products and some seafoods. (Pond and Maner, 1984; Potchoiba et al., 1990; Stromer et al., 1966; Terrell et al., 1969; Park et al., 1991).
How To Save Calories
A useful guide to cutting calories is to avoid calorie-dense foods that are high in fat or sugar. These foods are too easily eaten. After a large main course we are not usually hungry, yet it's easy to eat a large serving of high-calorie ice cream, or a creamy dessert. By comparison, it's much more difficult to eat 4-5 large apples. Also, dietary fat has more than twice the calories (9 per gram) than carbs or protein (4 per gram), while excessive sugar can raise blood-glucose levels too rapidly and leave you hungry within a couple of hours. A better way to cut calories (and still feel full) is to choose high-fiber foods, such as vegetables, fruits, beans and whole grains. These foods tend to have a lower caloric content, and take longer to digest thus giving us a feeling of fullness for longer.

http://agricultureinmalaysia.blogspot.com/search/label/goat

Boer Farming In Malaysia

Boer Farming in Malaysia
EmailWritten by zmusa07 on Apr-3-08 5:03pm
From: skorcareer.com.my
Boer Goat, or more popularly termed as Kambing Boer in Malaysia is tipped to become a backbone in the goat farming activity and plays an important role in driving the agriculture sector, which seems to be ailing lately.

It is expected to undergo a growth of more than 6% per year between 2006 to 2010 and with the support from the Ministry of Agriculture, the government and the associated financial and development bodies, the future seems bright for Boer farming. The National Goat Production Goat (yes, there is such policy) targets to have 1.99 million number of goats in 2015 in Malaysia.

Goat Technology & Research Centre In Terengganu

Date of article: 31 July 2008

There are plans for a RM10 million (USD3mn) goat technology and research centre in Serating, Marang, under the East Coast Economic Region's (ECER) livestock farming initiatives.

The research centre, Taman Teknologi Kaprima Bestari, will be located over 10ha within a Permanent Food Production Park, the ECER secretariat said in a statement in Kuala Lumpur yesterday. The move is aimed at Malaysia achieving self-sufficiency in mutton as the country needs 10 million goats a year.Currently, Malaysia imports mutton mainly from Australia.

http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-182106144.html

Popularising Local Goat Meat - Prof Dr Mohamed Ariff Omar

Popularising local goat meat
By Prof Dr Mohamed Ariff Omar
Original Article Source: The Star Online

An order of lamb chops from a posh restaurant will bring you a nicely-done meat of sheep from the kitchen. Tender and succulent with the right proportion of meat and fat – undisputed characteristics of premium grade lamb chops. Alas they are flown from New Zealand or Australia, either chilled or frozen.

You may ask: “Why can’t we be served with Made in Malaysia lamb chops?” Your inquisitiveness may soon be rewarded when our goat industry starts to produce “chevon chops” from young Malaysian bred goats. Yes, chevon chops from goats as lamb chops from sheep.

Lately we have been seeing more local investment in goat farming. More goats are being reared today than in 2003. There are about 20,000 farmers currently involved in goat farming.

“By 2020 the country is envisaged to have 3.2 million goats reared for breeding,” says Datuk Dr Abdul Aziz Jamaluddin, Director-General of the Department of Veterinary Services, Malaysia. “These goats will be the production units to supply 68% of the national requirement for goat meat in 10 years’ time.”

In tandem with this development, the Government has encouraged the setting up of more specialised stock farms to generate high quality goats for breeding. Goats from these farms will supply the improver seed stock to uplift the productivity of goats in the industry.

The joint effort of Mardi and the Department of Veterinary Services has realised the setting up of several Boer goat multiplication farms. Added to that, the East Coast Economic Corridor Development Council has also supported the establishment of such a farm in Terengganu. As is crucial in the other industries, goat marketing has yet to be developed. Currently the many players in the industry have their own strategies to cater to the different market segments – breeding farms, slaughter markets, organic fertiliser processors.

A private sector driven marketing system encompassing all players in the value chain may solve some of the hiccups in the trading and production of meat goats in this country. Why meat from Boer goats and not from our own indigenous Kajang goats? As far as meat yield is concerned, no other breed has yet to surpass the productivity of Boer goats.

At a similar age of slaughter (12 months), Boer goats produce 30% more meat than Kajang. On two hectares of land, Boer goats yield 210% more kilograms of live weight than Kajang goats. Loin portion – from where chevon chops are cut – of Boer goats is 40% heavier than Kajang. Besides, there are many other plus factors when raising Boer goats – ability to breed all year round, and general adaptability to many habitats.

This is not to deny the many virtues of Kajang goats. They are hardy and thrive on poor feeding environment, among others. We need to concurrently improve the Kajang goats by getting them to produce more meat per kilogramme of feed. We could do so by upgrading the local Kajang goats with the Boer. A similar path could also be opted for Jamnapari goats.

Many more things need to be done to get the level of local production to reach the critical mass beyond the breeding phase. Good nutrition is crucial to ensure the productivity potential of Boer goats is not hindered.

Goat rearers require the right skill and knowledge in the husbandry of goats. Use of modern reproductive biotechnologies involving the manipulation and utilisation of semen, embryos and other ovarian products, needs to be explored and commercially applied.

Kajang and other Asiatic goat breeds should be exploited to add to the much needed population of breeder goats, surrogate mothers and replacements. The feeding of goats in the breeding farms and feedlots has to be intensified with more efficient use of locally available feedstuffs, including by-products from rice and oil palm.

Opportunities abound to cater to the demand of the global Halal market of which goat meat could form a substantial portion in the coming years.

Professor Mohamed Ali Rajion of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universiti Putra Malaysia has even attempted to produce health-enhancing chevon containing increased concentration of unsaturated omega-3 fatty acids.

Much has been said about reinventing agriculture as a third engine of economic growth for Malaysia. Goat farming, when done systematically, can enable the smallholders in the villages to sustain a reasonable income. Going big commercially in the production of goat meat and breeding stock has its role in the national agenda to increase agricultural productivity of the country.

Perhaps this time around we could collectively realise the popular aspiration of meeting our own food needs and being less dependable on outside supplies. And chevon from local goats is surely a nutritious item on the family menu.

Prof Dr Mohamed Ariff Omar
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Universiti Putra Malaysia

http://www.halaljournal.com/article/3755/popularising-local-goat-meat

Generasi Majujaya Sdn Bhd

Industry Outlook

THE ROLE AND COMMITMENT OF GENERASI MAJUJAYA SDN BHD IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF JAMNAPARI GOAT INDUSTRY IN MALAYSIA.


Introduction
Agriculture has been recognized as the third engine for the development of the national economy. The government has developed the Third National Agricultural Plan (DPN3) as the base towards national development.

The Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-Based Industry has been leading the transformation process of the agricultural sector in order to realize government's vision and achieve DPN3's goals.


National Agriculture sector status
One of the challenges for the government is to lower the cost of agricultural products especially livestock which has been increasing yearly. In the year 2004, the total import bill for food is RM16.554 billion per year and the number is expected to increase. As a result, it has caused Malaysia to have a trade deficit of RM 6.625 billion per year.

Based on the trend, it is expected that the deficit in national food trade balance will be increased to RM9.673 billion in year 2010 if no changes are initiated to take place.


The Action Trade Balance Plan for food sector 2010
The government has decided to accelerate the transformation process for agriculture sector in the country so that Malaysia will be one of the main countries which supply and export food in the world. The success of the decision will depend on the cooperation from the private sector and the government sector.

Good relationship between private sector and government departments is important in further growth of agricultural sector to make Malaysia a modern agro-based industrial country in the K-economic era.


Main Strategy for the Action Trade Balance Plan
Growth in the production of goat meat is expected to increase by 6.7% per year during the five years of 2006-2010 and will keep increasing as much as 2,020 metric tones in year 2010. The government is looking for ways to give better profit to the commercial and semi-commercial farmers to encourage such ventures. Three main strategies have been identified in the Balance of Trade Action Plan:
• Improve the quality and encourage the usage of local agro-based products
• Analyzing the need for imported agricultural goods and replace it with local agricultural products
• Increase the competitiveness of our products in international market


The Strategy and Planning By GENERASI MAJUJAYA Sdn Bhd
In response to the goals set in DPN3 and The Ninth Malaysia Plan (RMK-9), GENERASI MAJUJAYA Sdn Bhd is giving full support to the Prime Minister of Malaysia and the government to be an active player in the production of quality goat breed and goat meat. Steps are being taken to increase the production of quality livestock using modernized farming technology in order to face the following challenges:

1. Increase the breed production through the development centre, an important element in the growth of goat industry development.
2. Develop a breeder farm to sustain the demand for goat meat and quality breed.
3. The use of contractual bundle service concept to provide better assurance to the farmers as well as providing helps in consultation services, infrastructure requirement, technology, livestock breeds, management, health, feeding, course and services or market development.


A systematic arrangement has been planned to make goat farming activity as the engine to reduce poverty in rural area. The use of technology in farming and application of systematic management is expected to increase the productivity and livestock production, reduce percentage of mortality and produce a better quality goat breed. Steps which are being taken for adoption of modern technology and advance management techniques:

• Application of "Effective Microorganism (EM)" as a catalyst in livestock growth
• Application in Artificial Insemination technique as to increase birth rate
• Application of systematic policy to manage farm, feeding and livestock
• Application of effective farm bio-security management
• Supplying livestock manure for production of organic fertilizer
• In the future we plan to apply Embryo Transfer (ET) technique in producing a quality breed
• In the future we plan to supply goat placenta for the use in cosmetics purposes


Conclusion
GENERASI MAJUJAYA Sdn Bhd has invested in the research and development to introduce good quality Jamnapari breed from Indonesia and we would like to become one of the main supplier for premium Jamnapari breed goat in Malaysia. Our company is willing to work hands in hands with the government and private sectors for the development of goat breeding industries in order to achieve the goals set forth by the government.

As one of the leading Jamnapari expert in the region, our farm is able to produce quality Jamnapari goat with systematic breeding system and management. We are ready to play an important role for production of quality goat to the market and to reduce poverty in rural area. With the constant and continued support from our clients, we are confident that we shall be able to duly accomplish all tasks given to us in the course of working towards the fulfillment of our Corporate Mission.

ECER - Set To Be An Agropolitan Hub Focusing On Developing Crop, Fish And Livestock Clusters

The East Coast Economic Region is set to be an agropolitan hub focusing on developing crop, fish and livestock clusters

Agriculture will be the main thrust of the East Coast Economic Region (ECER), generating revenue of RM8.57 billion in the three east coast states by 2020, Petronas president and chief executive officer Tan Sri Hassan Merican.

Two years ago, revenue from agriculture was about RM3.7 billion.

To help Pahang, Kelantan and Terengganu achieve this, the ECER - the latest of the country's three economic corridors introduced in the past few months - is creating an "agropolitan", literally an A-Z of an agricultural hub.

Hassan said Kelantan had been identified for the cultivation of poultry and herbs, Terengganu for goat rearing and citrus valley and Pahang, for cattle farming and pineapples.

'Our experts have identified two types of crops - citrus fruits and pineapples - as the most suitable to be cultivated in the region," he said in a statement.

In 2005, agriculture accounted for about 16 percent of the region's gross domestic product and provided 22.9 percent of the regional labour force. ECER, which also covers Mersing in Johor, makes up 51 percent of the total land areas in Peninsular Malaysia.

Agropolitan is an all-encompassing approach from providing quality seeds to good agriculture practices and business mentoring, and it will help many get a leg up. As a whole, the creation of agropolitan hubs will enhance industry practices, increase yield and supplement income stream.

This is being done by expanding large-scale commercial farming, the use of modern technology, developing value-added activities and improving supply chain management, Hassan said.

Central of the approach is the establishment of Collection, Processing and Packaging Centres (CPPCs) and Collection and Marketing Centres (CMCs). They are the nerve centre for sorting, grading and tagging of fruits and vegetables, packaging, processing, palletising, cold chain services, retails and export management and distribution.

The CPPC and CMC will also serve as a one-stop centre for services certification and accreditation. They will be connected to supermarkets and exporters for efficiency, production planning, inventory control as well as trading and negotiations.

A total of 18 CPPCs and CMCs will be built, including eight specifically to cater for fruits and vegetables. The remaining 10 will focus on kenaf (two), herbal (three), fish (two) and livestock (three).

Petronas has also proposed a number of agriculture parks. They include permanent, separate parks for agriculture food, poultry production, beef/mutton production and Aquaculture Industry Zone (AIZ).

In Pahang, some 7,400ha in Pekan and Rompin has been earmarked for pineapple parks as well 5,000ha in Ulu Tembeling and 3,500ha in Lanchang for permanent fruit parks. Terengganu gets 1,000ha in Lojing for floriculture and vegetable plantation and another 1,414ha in Dungun for a citrus fruits valley. There will be two AIZs in Terengganu (Kenyir) and Kelantan (Pergau).

Part of the agropolitan approach is to focus on developing crop, fish and livestock clusters. The strategies also require participation of private sector and government agencies like Felda as anchor companies, and the strengthening of marketing and global networking.

Strategic initiatives to develop the crop clusters will include establishing nucleus-contract farming models involving farmers and anchor companies, as well as agriculture parks including permanent food production parks, and group farming projects.

Kuala Berang in Terengganu has been picked as a production base of breeder animal stocks for goats, while Muadzam Shah in Pahang, for cattle to be distributed to commercial farmers for breeding and fattening.

SMEs (small and medium enterprises), meanwhile, will be roped in for poultry farming in at least four poultry parks in Gua Musang (Kelantan), Chendering (Terengganu), Gebeng and Gambang in Pahang.

Strategies for the fisheries clusters will include production of fish for commercial fish farming, development of downstream activities relating to fish processing and value-added products and improving output and economic standing of micro-SMEs currently involved in fish processing.

Overall, the focus on agropolitan will create jobs for more than 42,000 local populace throughout the value chain, besides entrepreneur opportunities for local companies and SMEs, Hassan said

Source: BizNews, The New Straits Times, Saturday, October 6, 2007

Potensi Perniagaan Penternakan Kambing Boer Di Malaysia

Industri penternakan kambing dijangka berkembang pesat di Malaysia dengan pertumbuhan pada kadar 6.7% setahun untuk tempoh dari 2006 hingga 2010. Minat pengusaha menternak kambing juga semakin berkembang berikutan dasar kerajaan yang menggalakkan pertumbuhan ternakan kambing ini.

Polisi Pengeluaran Kambing Kebangsaan mensasarkan pengeluaran 4.96 juta ekor dengan 1.99 juta untuk penternakan kambing menjelang 2015.

Tiga jenis kambing yang pada masa ini diternak di Malaysia ialah dari jenis baka daging, tenusu dan bulu. Kini, kambing boer semakin menjadi pillihan penternak kerana mutu dagingnya yang tinggi dan mudah untuk diternak. Kambing boer mula berada di negara ini selepas dibawa oleh Mardi pada tahun 2001 dari Afrika Selatan. Kini, banyak kambing boer yang dibawa ke negara ini diimport dari Australia.

Ciri ciri kambing boer:

Subur dan mudah membiak sepanjang tahun
Mempunyai lebih banyak daging kerana tulangnya lebih nipis berbanding kambing lain
Daging lebih bermutu, tinggi khasiat, rendah kalori, kolesterol dan kaya dengan protein
Kambing boer paling bagus dari segi daging berbanding baka jamnapari anglo nubian, alphine dan beratus ratus baka yang lain
Tahan lasak kepada pelbagai jenis penyakit dan boleh menyesuaikan diri dari sebarang bentuk persekitaran dan cuaca

Daging kambing boer bukan sahaja lebih enak dan bermutu, malah dicadangkan oleh American Heart of Association untuk mereka yang menghadapi masalah berkaitan jantung. Pada masa ini, pengeluaran kambing di negara ini adalah pada kadar 8% dan masih mempunyai ruang dan potensi yang besar untuk berkembang.

Diambil Daripada:
http://ladangkambingkami.blogspot.com/

Plans Afoot For RM10 Mln Goat Research Centre In ECER

July 29, 2008 13:27 PM

KUALA LUMPUR, July 29 (Bernama) -- There are plans in the pipeline for an RM10 million goat technology and research centre in Serating, Marang, under the East Coast Economic Regions livestock farming initiatives.

The research centre, Taman Teknologi Kaprima Bestari, will be located over 10 hectares within a Permanent Food Production Park, the ECER secretariat said in a statement here Tuesday.

The move is aimed at Malaysia achieving self-sufficiency in mutton as the country needs 10 million goats a year.

Currently, Malaysia mainly imports mutton from Australia.

The technology goat park, which will be built and managed by the Department of Veterinary Service Terengganu (JPHT), will collate all relevant information and research on goat breeding, as well as modernize the countrys goat breeding industry, with the ECER as a prominent hub, it said.

"This technology park is projected to be a research and information centre for goat breeders, especially those from Asian countries," JPHTs Director Dr Azizol Mohd Sharun was quoted as saying in the statement.

"We will bring in the latest goat breeding technology and techniques from abroad. This new technology will help breeders to minimize the production cost and give better returns."

Meanwhile, breeders and parties interested in the industry can avail themselves to goat farming courses, he said.

"We envisage the goat park to offer better economic prospects and employment opportunities for local entrepreneurs and graduates in related fields of study."

The goat technology park will be equipped with a farmhouse, mini slaughterhouse, fertilizer processing factory, restaurant, product exhibition hall, a mosque, and staff dormitories.

Aside from goat breeding and research activities, the park also offers an attractive and children-friendly tourist attraction where feeding and patting animals may be highlights.

Terengganu is targeting over 3.5 million visitors this year. Many of its tourism attractions are aimed at nature lovers and the goat park is expected to draw in its fair share of tourists.

The nations per capita consumption of mutton has risen from 0.67kg in 2006 to 0.74kg in 2007.

Malaysia has traditionally been Australias biggest live export market, importing about 15,000 tonnes of mutton and 50,000 goats.

Under the Ninth Malaysia Plan (9MP), the ECER is targeted to increase the goat breeding activities by seven percent within five years to tap into increasing local and international demand.

It will focus on high meat yielding goats to replace the smaller local animals.

To achieve its goal of 35 percent self-sufficiency in goat production by year 2015, it will need another 18,000 breeding goats.

The target is for ECER to hit 2,020 metric tonnes in year 2020, it said.

Malaysias goat farming is made up of 75 percent traditional breeders, while 15 per cent is semi-commercial with 10 percent in commercial farming.

Within the ECER, projects to boost goat breeding includes setting up a nucleus goat breeding research centre in Tersat, the establishment of the Collection, Processing and Packaging Centre (CPPC) and Collection and Marketing Centre (CMC) for traditional farmers to assemble and market goats.

-- BERNAMA

Terengganu Heading For Goat-Hub Status In ECER

28th July, 2008
KUALA TERENGGANU: A RM2mil goat-breeding facility will be established in the Serating Permanent Food Production Park in Marang to make the East Coast Economic Region (ECER) one of the country’s largest mutton producers.

Operated by Cosmopal Sdn Bhd, the facility is part of the ECER plan to establish Terengganu as a goat and mutton hub.

The 30ha farm currently has 1,400 Jamnapari goats, and each of its three enclosures can house 440 goats.

While infrastructure is being improved, Cosmopal’s target is to raise its breeding livestock to 4,000 goats, in response to increasing demand for good livestock.

Since its incorporation in 2000, Cosmopal has supplied more than 10,000 Jamnapari goats to farmers across Malaysia. Each goat costs between RM750 to RM850.

NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF GOATS

NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS

NUMBER 15
http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=30&page=R1

Nutrient Requirements of Goats:
Angora, Dairy, and Meat Goats in Temperate and Tropical Countries

TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Introduction
Nutrient Requirements
Table of Nutrient Requirements
Herbage and Browse Utilisation
ration Formulation and examples of Typical Rations
Nutrients-Related Metabolic Disorders

The Application Of Cutting-Edge Technology Inb Jermasia Goat Breeding

http://www.ippp.um.edu.my/images/ippp//berita/vol%204%202004.pdf
Professor Dr. Ramli Abdullah & Professor Dr. Wan Khadijah Wan Embong
Introduction

Part of the content:
In Malaysia, goat farming industry is
accorded high priority in the Third National
Agriculture Plan (NAP3), especially in
meeting the country’s demand for goat
meat. To date, the Malaysian government
has emphasized on agricultural
development following the 1997 economic
downturn in which food import exceeded
RM 12 billion per year. In addition, 15,000
ton metric goat meat, which forms 95% of
the country demand, is imported every year to meet
the local demand of 700,000 goats per year. However,
the population of the goats in Malaysia stands at only
200,000 and this figure is expected to decrease every
year.
The selling price of goat meat is RM15-20 per kg and
the consumption per capita is 0.5 kg. In Malaysia, goat
meat is edible to all races and faith. Goat meat is also
low in fat (3%) compared to other meats such as cattle
and sheep (16%). Based on Malaysia’s supply and
demand, social and cultural background, hence,
commercialization of goat farming promises exciting
opportunities and returns.
Currently, the development of goat farming in Malaysia
is restricted by the insufficient number of suitable
breeds of commercial purposes. At present, live goats
are imported and bred in Malaysia.
However, this poses a variety of problems such as the
high cost of imported breeds, inconsistent stock
quality and inability to adapt to tropical climate. As a
result, the goats have low resistance to diseases and
thus, higher mortality rate.
To ensure success in the commercialization plan, a few
criteria have to be fulfilled . The criteria includes
selection of goats breed that is adaptable to tropical
climate and yields higher growth rate per unit
exchange of feed, nutritional requirement, i.e., optimal
balance between concentrate and grass, and diseasefree
status, which involves good farm management
and practices.

Characteristics Of Malaysia's Animal Feed Market - March 2009

Characteristics of Malaysia's Animal Feed Market
March 2009
Prepared for:
Regional Agri-Food Trade Commissioner, Southeast Asia and High Commission of Canada, Malaysia

Prepared by:
Stanton, Emms & Sia
80 Raffles Place, Level 36, UOB Plaza 1, Singapore 048264
Tel: +65 6334 7030
Fax: +65 6234 1083
Email: emmsia@pacific.net.sg (General)
Website URL: http://stantonemmsandsia.foodandbeverage.biz


http://www.ats.agr.gc.ca/ase/5231-eng.htm

Australian Goat Manual For Malaysian Farmers

http://www.mla.com.au/NR/rdonlyres/78D22224-6127-464A-8F43-848CE6FB3CF9/0/GoatmanualMalayfinal.pdf

Dana R & D - Livestock & Poultry

http://www.rmc.utm.my/Download/FILE/Taklimat%20Dana%20-%20UTM%2012%20aug%202009.pdf

Research themes:
10. LIVESTOCK & POULTRY•
Beef,dairy cattle and goat breeding, reproduction and production systems•Local feed resources for livestock, poultry, pets and aquaculture•Feed supplements for efficient production of high quality livestock, aquaculture and poultry•Mechanized silage production and handling for animal feed•Disease detection and surveillance•Bio-diagnostics and vaccines of major livestock diseasesResearch

Amalan Baik Penternakan Fidlot - CAHP Fidlot

http://www.jphpk.gov.my/Malay/GAHP%20fidlot.pdf
PDF File

SALT - Skim Akreditasi Ladang Ternakan Malaysia

http://www.jphpk.gov.my/Malay/SALT.pdf
PDF file

Production Increases in Meat and Dairy Goats by Technology and Infrastructure Improvements for Asian Small-Scale Farmers

http://www.agnet.org/library/ac/2008g/

Status of Goat Production in Asia
Currently, there is a surge in the demand for goats, paving the way for what some countries now call as the "goat revolution". Goat raising has become not just for the Asian rural farm households. It has emerged as a popular business option for many affluent entrepreneurs in some Asian countries. Seeing great economic potentials, many have gone into goat raising as a business, with some importing exotic stocks and venturing into breeding on a commercial scale. Therefore, the goat industry has continuously been growing as local demand for goat meat and milk increases.

In addition to daily consumption, goat meat has been recognized traditionally as a healthy or functional food, or for health-giving purposes other than for dietary purposes. For instance, in Korea, goats are generally regarded as a healthy food source that helps the human body to get used to seasonal climatic changes.

The production systems practiced by smallholders depend on many factors such as investment, herd size, availability of grazing areas, and availability of feed supplies that can be categorized into extensive, semi-intensive, intensive, and integration with tree crops.

Extensive or free-range and semi-intensive systems are the most common practice among smallholders in Asia. The livestock-tree crop integrated system, where the animals are reared under tree crops such as rubber, oil palm and fruit trees, is also commonly practiced. However, as the goat industry continues to grow, the production system has gradually improved toward a more commercial oriented management system. Hence, it is important to provide small-scale farmers with scientific and technological information, as well as support services such as credit and infrastructure assistance, to enable them to thrive and compete in this growing industry.

Issues and Constraints in Goat Production

The major constrains in goat production system in most Asian countries are recognized as follows:

1) Rearing system: unavailability of suitable breeding goats; lack of suitable land and feed resources; inadequacy of knowledge of goat husbandry among farmers; lack of effective disease prevention and control program; and lack of good production practice program for farmers.
2) Management systems: inadequate planning and system to utilize goat by-products; inadequacy in technical knowledge; and insufficient farm labor.
3) Marketing: inadequate promotion of goat product consumption; lack of continuous marketing promotion for live goat and its products; higher prices of goat meat and milk compared with other sources; inadequate market for goat products.
4) Food culture: goat meat is not commonly a part of the meal of most Asians except those of Malay, Arab and Chinese descents; and people have aversion over the strong smell in goat meat and milk.

Prospects and Recommendations

Through the years, research and development have resulted in advanced technologies and efficient cultural practices in improving goat production. Specific studies on the crossing of local goats with introduced breeds, nutrition and feed resource availability and quality, animal health management, and product processing have led to improved goat production, especially when introduced for adoption to local farmers through village demonstrations on sustainable livestock farming systems. The potential to develop and further expand goat production systems has been recognized, such that collaborative research programs among livestock experts in the Asian region must be pursued toward stimulating further the development of goat production.

In view of the growing demand for goat meat and milk, each country must formulate a long-term development plan considering the following factors: a) fostering goat production especially where sources of raw feed materials are abundant; b) provision of credit assistance to encourage private investment; c) development of an integrated goat production center; d) selection and improvement of the best available genetic resources of goats; and e) human resources development throughout the milk and meat value chain (production, processing and marketing).

Improved goat production can also be realized through the application and adoption of breeding technologies, better utilization of local feed resources, and establishment of milk collection and processing systems in a sustainable integrated livestock farming system. Meanwhile, the challenge for increasing goat meat production is a huge and exciting task. The main objective is to increase the goat population in terms of both quantity and quality. The establishment of several nucleus farms will pave the way for the development of the goat industry.

Assisted reproductive technologies must also be addressed as vital tools in enhancing goat breeding improvement programs. However, the effectiveness of these reproductive techniques and the expected benefits to the goat farmers will largely depend on the accuracy of identifying the best bucks and does through a well planned breeding objective, selection and mating program.

Boden Farm Creates Its Own Lineage Of Boer Goats

April 01, 2008 15:57 PM

By Razali Pilus (Bernama)

BAHAU, April 1 (Bernama) -- In view of the great potential for goat farming in the country, a goat breeder is venturing into nurturing its own lineage of top quality goats based on the world famous Boer species of goats.

Distinct Agricultural Services Sdn Bhd, which runs the BoDen goat farm at Serting Hilir near here, aims to market the offspring of this lineage to local breeders and thus help improve the quality of local produce derived from goats.

Its chief executive, Zainal Abdul Ghani, told Bernama:
"I chose the Boer breed because its features are better than those of other breeds as it has more meat than bones, its meat has no smell and is softer, and its cholesterol level is lower.

"This species is also known for its parenting prowess, as it takes good care of its young."

Comparison Of Carcass Composition Of different animal Species

Of carcass Weight:

(1) Fat (%)
(2) Cholestrol (%)


Goat (20) (5 - 39)
Sheep (30) (52 - 77)
Cattle (25) (42 - 78)
Pigs (38) (66 - 98)

Source: Proceedings: Nutrition Society Of Australia, Dec. 1977

Raising Boer Goats - An Experience Of Artemus Lot C. Almeda, Philippines

So, you want to raise boer goats?
September 13, 2007 · 1 Comment
by Henrylito D. Tacio

Raising goats in the Philippines is a profitable venture. Artemus Lot C. Almeda knows this. This is particularly if the breed you are raising is Boer goats. “Our farm is known in the goat industry as one of the best sources of Boer goats in the country,” says Art, as he is known among his friends.

His father advised him to use a full-blood Boer goats and Anglo bucks as starters. “We select the Boer goat because it is known for its meat,” he says. “Anglo goat is added to improve the milking and size of the native does.”

So in the middle of 2005, Art imported his first batch of 30 heads of full-blood Boer does and two award-winning full-blood Boer bucks from South Australia. Because of the change of weather from winter in Australia to hot and humid here in the Philippines, the goats suffered heat stroke and resulted in mortalities.
The second batch came one year after, when Art imported 65 full-blood Boer does and four full-blood Boer bucks sired by award-winning Boer goats from the leading breeder in Southern Australia. Upon arrival from Australia, the goats had thick winter hair coats. Their daily intake of roughage, grains and water were strictly monitored until their hair became smooth and shiny, which signaled they have acclimatized to the tropical condition in the Philippines. There was zero mortality from this batch of imports.

After three years of raising goats, Art has some advices to share. “Make sure to invest on a good quality full-blood Boer or Anglo buck because the buck represents 50% of type of goats you will be producing,” he says.

This is how they are upgrading their breeding stocks. The offsprings from the Anglo-native cross are bred with the Boer buck to produce meat-type goats, which are at least 50% heavier than native goats. “The kids from the triple cross have the milking ability, length, and width of the Anglo breed and the meatiness of the Boer goat,” he says. “Doing so would improve the quality of chevon meat in the Philippines like what the Boer goats did to the Feral goats in Australia, which catapulted the country to be the number one exporter of chevon meat to the world market.”

According to Art, nutrition plays an important role for Boer goats to attain their full potential in terms of weight gain and reproduction. In his farm, he has develop a successful feeding program for his Boer goats. “Although it is quite expensive the results will justify the additional cost,” he says.

Goats are fed a lot of napier grass, centrosema, stylo, ipil-ipil, trichantera, rensonii and indigofera (which are fertilized with goat manure) plus concentrates, urea, vitamins and minerals. The feeding system developed is geared towards selling quality and good-looking breeders with smooth and shiny hair coat.

“The focus of supplemental grain feeding starts before breeding and one month after breeding for multiple births,” Art informs. “The does are then released to pasture and given minimal concentrate until one month before kidding. Then they are brought back to the kidding house and are fed 800 grams of concentrate plus the usual napier grass and legumes. This makes for heavier kids at birth, more milk production during lactation, and heavier kids at weaning.”

Studies conducted by livestock experts show that supplemental grain feeding helps meet the required amount of energy, protein, vitamins, calcium and phosphorus needed in Boer goat breeding and production. Palatability is one aspect often neglected by goat raisers in their search for cheap source of ingredients. This is important so that the goats will not be off feed which could result to bloat.

However, like most ventures, there are some issues and concerns. “Today, after establishing over a hundred heads of productive full-blood Boer does producing quality breeders, we are facing a market limited to certain areas because Luzon is still not declared free from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD),” Art laments. “We want to tap the market of the whole county and possibly Malaysia but we need the support of the Department of Agriculture to remove the restriction of animal movement with the declaration of Luzon as FMD-free.”

But despite this, Art believes there is a bright future for goat industry in the country. As he puts it: “The future for goat raising is very bright with the entry of private investment in quality breeding stock from Australia. With the advancement of goat raising technology and genetics in the country, there is no way but up. The potential of developing goat meat market is there, we just need to establish a steady supply and standard for goat meat.”

Art invites everyone to visit the Alaminos Goat Farm to see Boer goat raising in progress. Quoting a famous adage, he says, “Goats are very intelligent animals if you take care of them you will feel close to God. And if you are blessed by God, you will be very successful in this kind of endeavor.”

An Introduction To Boers

http://www.acga.org.au/goatnotes/A003.php
By: Sue and Geoff Patrick, Binnaway, NSW, Australia

1. Industry Background
2. Management
3. Nutrition
4. Animal Health
5. Breeding
6. Fibre Production
7. Fibre Marketing
8. Meat Production & Marketing
9. Pasture & Weed Control
10. Economic Analysis
11. Tanning Skins

Malaysia Underpinning Live Goat Exports



Live goat exports for the first nine months of 2007 totalled 62,331 head – up 103% year-on-year and the highest since 2002 (Australian Bureau of Statistics). Record numbers to Malaysia have underpinned shipments this year.


Strong demand for Australian goats from Malaysia has provided the impetus for the increased shipments during 2007. Exports to Malaysia for the first nine months of 2007 stood at a record 47,497 head, with very large shipments recorded during May (7,642 head), August (9,859 head) and September (6,663 head).

With another three months of shipments still remaining for the year, 2007 should see a new calendar year record set, surpassing the 52,755 head recorded in 2002. While Malaysia has dominated exports during 2007, taking 74% of total shipments, numbers to other markets have been inconsistent.

Indonesia remains the second largest destination for Australian goats in 2007, with 5,928 head, despite only taking shipments in May and June. Significant shipments throughout 2007 have also been sent to Thailand (2,300 head), Oman (1,874 head), Singapore (1,192 head), New Zealand (1,144 head) and Brunei (1,000 head).

The largest number of goats exported live during 2007 have been sourced from NSW (21,959 head), followed by SA (14,703 head), Queensland (9,515 head) and WA (9,219 head).

Sheep & Goat Meat Characteristics & Quality

http://www.docstoc.com/docs/21215922/Sheep-and-Goat-Meat-Characteristics-and-Quality

Boer Goats: Industry & Products

http://home.vicnet.net.au/~warmplan/goats.html

The Boer goat is a meat animal quite different in appearance to our present goats. Introduced to Australia from South Africa in 1994, it has already had a significant impact on the Australian goat meat industry. Goat meat is the most consumed meat in the world with consumption of about 3 million tonnes a year and rising. Australia is already the worlds largest exporter of goat meat based on a large feral goat population and the value is around $27 million a year. Most exports go to Asia especially Taiwan, Malaysia and Korea. Exports represent 90% of the product and there has been very little effort put into the local market. Taiwan demand is increasing 10% per year. Goat meat is consumed in Hindu, Moslem and Buddhist countries where there are no restrictions provided it is killed and handled according to religious procedures.

The importance of the Boer goat is its demonstrated ability to increase the growth rate and quality of the meat as compared to the feral goat population. By world standards Australian feral goats rate highly as meat producers. The use of Boer bucks or semen can give further significant gains.

Goat meat products fall into three categories. Capretto is meat from milk fed kids which dress out at between 6 and 10 kg. They are less then five months old. Chevon from goats which dress out between 14 and 16 kgs. Heavy grade from goats over 35 kg live weight. Dressed weight is about 50% of live weight.

2. Physical Requirements
As with goats in general the Boer goat is a very hardy animal. However while it has the ability to survive even in hot dry climates and on rough forms of fodder, good management and attention to feed needs will enhance meat production.

Good fencing of similar standard to cross bred sheep is important for control. They can readily be trained by the use of electric fences.
Maremma guardian dogs can be bonded to the goats to protect kids from foxes.

3. Production Methods
Australia's current goat meat industry comes mainly from wild harvesting of the feral population. There is community pressure to eradicate them because of damage to the fragile environments which they habitat. The Boer goat provides opportunity to develop a controlled or formalised goat farming industry.

A starting point is a herd of feral or commercial goats with a Boer goat buck to produce crosses and start the program. Other options available are the purchase of pure bred females. A pedigreed buck run with does will service up to 200, but to achieve a programmed kidding period one buck per 50 does will be needed. Embryo transplants are also used with between 15-25 embryo produced per doe.

For stocking purposes, goats are regarded as having similar dry sheep equivalent (D.S.E's) to merino wethers. Goats browse graze and will eat coarse grasses, weeds, shrubs and leaves of trees within their reach. For this reason up to 30% of normal can be run in conjunction with sheep without reducing the sheep numbers. There is also potential to use them as part of weed control programs.

Fencing, watering, shelter and loading facilities are as for sheep, as is general management. However goats do not need crutching or shearing.

Boer goat are very efficient feed to meat converters and are capable of weight gains of 200 grams daily under intensive conditions.

Does can be joined at 10 months of age but to avoid inhibiting growth common practice is to join at 19 months. They cycle every 18-21 days year round. A stocky sleek, robust animal, the Boer goat does not need shearing, and is not subject to fly strike. Twins are common and a kidding rate of 150% can be expected. Boer bucks can be fertile as early as 4 months, so must be weaned before this time.

The advent of a permanent water supply via the Murray River pipelines makes watering and so farming of Boer goats possible. Careful management could capitalise on stubble and stubble straws of various crops as a feed source, possibly adding to environmental sustainability. It is interesting to note that our very first generation farmers were stubble retainers because of the need to feed bullocks which was their power source. Stubble burning came in which bullocks were phased out, and was probably the first father/son conflict over changing technology.

Boer goats could open opportunities to develop organic farming systems in the Mallee, producing goat meat while managing stubbles, utilising pastures, supplementary feeding and contributing fertiliser through animal droppings.

4. Marketing
As with any new enterprise it is essential to investigate and be comfortable with market outlets and arrangements before proceeding. Successful marketing will require consistent supply and quality according to the demands of targeted markets. At this stage the main meat market is for capretto.

The market potential does seem to be large and processors can be expected to develop as production increases. There is a licensed export processor at Wycheproof while a company at Warracknabeal has established a live animal export market to Malaysia.

Boer Goat Farming Project In UPM

At present, a total of 72 adults of Boer species from South Africa were breaded out of which three are males and others are females. UPM had allocated 4 acres of land for the project that are planted with Napeir grasses.

The average ratio for male and female is 1:20 where the female will give birth 1 or 2kids at once which will take around 9 to 12 months before become as an adult. The mortality rates among the species are 2%. The mating between male and female will be done in-house to reduce parasite disease problem.

The Boer species were feed with Napier grasses as well as pellets at a ratio of 70kg to 30kg. Napier grasses are chosen as it will grow faster and were liked by the animal compared with other types of grasses. The Boer species were preferred compared with local goats is mainly because local species will produce only 25kg of meat in a year compared the Boer species which will produce 65kg of meat. An adult Boer can fetch RM 500 at a market price.

In order to start Boer goat farming project, a farmer should invest between RM150,000to RM 200,000 with minimum number of Boer species should around 100 to 150. Besides high capital, better knowledge on breeding also a pre-requisite as proper animal husbandry is important to reduce the mortality rate. In this regard, UPM will give adequate training and assistance for those who have interest as well as capital before starts Boer breeding farming project.

Goat Meat For BBQ

Sample recipe for BBQ purposes:-

1 cup vinegar
1 cup vegetable/olive oil
2 cloves garlic, minced
1 bay leaf, crumbled (powdered is also ok)
2 teaspoons salt
1 teaspoon rosemary (or ketumba and jintan for that localized taste)
1 teaspoon sage
1/2 teaspoon red chilli flakes
1 (5- to 7-pound) leg of goat, boned
2 garlic clovers, skin removed

All blended and rubbed against the meat. Leave it to marinate for a minimum of 3-5hrs in room temperature

Quality Of Boer Goat Meat And Other Products With Reference To Australia

Trials carried out to compare various types of meat showed that goat meat had far less calories, fat and saturated fat than all other types of meat tested including chicken. It also had much higher protein and iron levels and was second only to chicken for caloric content.

The Capretto goat carcasses of the trial on average produce 61.1% muscle with less than 1.0mm of fat thickness (measured at the 12th rib). Chevon animals dress out slightly better (65.9% muscle) but had an increased fat thickness (2.6mm). Scrotal, kidney and pelvic fat also increased slightly with age.

Various cuts of meat are preferred throughout the world. Capretto (entirely milk fed and live weight less than 20kg) is favoured by most markets and thus brings in a premium price. However frozen carcasses of all types represent seventy-seven percent of all world trade. Such carcasses may be boned or bone-in cuts and are often packaged in 1.5 to 2kg lots. This size is ideal for markets such as India where goat meat is used in curries and casseroles. Chilled portions are also very popular, particularly young lean animals destined for the restaurant trade.

A sampling of goat meat, chevon, by nineteen leading Brisbane chefs produced very favourable comments. The chefs found that the meat to be versatile with a good texture, an aroma that was soft, and not strong as most chefs expected. This is not surprising when it is considered that more goat meat is eaten in the world than any other meat.

Australia is the leading exporter of goat meat in the world. In 1991-2 for example, Australia exported over eleven thousand (11,000) tonnes of goat meat values at over twenty million dollars ($20 million).

The major markets for Australian goat meat include Taiwan, Singapore, Malaysia, South Korea, USA, the Caribbean and Europe. The reason for such a widely diverse market can be attributed to both traditional preferences and the fact that there are few, if any, religious or cultural taboos limiting the consumption of goat meat. A breakdown of Australian exports of goat meat can be found in Appendix G of this report.

The market for goat meat is varied with different cuts being preferred in the different countries and ethnic groups. Goat products exported by Australia include chilled and frozen carcasses (bone-in / bone-out), live goats, sacrificial goats, goat offal, skins and leather, and Halal slaughtered carcasses.

The Australian domestic market is severely under supplied with goat meat, particularly in the capital cities. Preferred by ethnic communities such as Italian, Greek, Lebanese, Indian, Chinese and other Asian groups, the domestic market is virtually untapped. Potential exists for both chilled and frozen bone-in and bone-off meat for personal consumptions as well as restaurants and smallgoods manufacturers. The major factors affection the growth of the meat goat industry include a lack of consistent supply, lack of market requirements, and a lack of adequate slaughtering facilities.

Goat meat is generally described by two age related term: Capretto young milk fed goat kids; and Chevon young goats. The Capretto is the most favoured cut, with the meat being a pale or pink colour and very tender. It comes exclusively from unweaned kids of less that 10kg dressed weight. Chevon on the other hand comes from older kids and young goats up to 20kg dressed weight.

Capretto and Chevon are both highly praised for their low calories and fat levels and high protein and iron values. In one trial where the amount of cholesterol per 100g of meat was measured it was shown that beef had 880% more cholesterol than goat meat. Lamb scored in a similar fashion with 1040% more cholesterol. On the fat count red meat (beef and lamb) was found to have five times the fat content of goat meat. This leanness in young goats is due to the fact that the muscle tissue contains approximately 75% water and thus care needs to be taken in its preparation.

A survey of Australian goat sales, both domestic and export, between 1996 and 2004 shows a seasonal variation around religious festivals, predominately Christmas, Easter and Ramadan. The trend over recent years (1995 to 2002) has shown a steady rise in live goat and carcass exports. While the price per kilogram for goat meat (excluding Capretto) has remained steady over the study period (2003 - 2004).

Other Goat Products
The most obvious by-product from the goat industry apart from meat is leather. Australia imports $9 million worth of goat leather every year and exports goats skins valued at about $2 million. Australia does not normally export fully tanned goat skins but prefers to export them semi-processed for finishing overseas. In 1991-92 exports of fresh, salted, dried, limed or pickled goat skins were valued at about $2 million.

Asia is the major producer of goatskins in the world, accounting for approximately seventy percent (70%) of total world production. As a general rule developing countries import raw hides and skins from developed countries to be processed and re-exported as value added products. In countries such as China, Pakistan and India the demand for raw skins from their domestic markets outstrips production and thus these countries are forced to import raw skins for processing.

Goat leather is a general purpose leather used in a wide variety of applications such as footwear, garments and luggage. It is in high demand due to its good physical properties of toughness and flexibility, its soft feel and visual appearance. Between 60 and 70 percent of goat skins are used for the upper leather of shoes. The remaining amounts are used for book binding, fancy goods, clothing and gloves. World trade in leather shoes has expanded strongly over the last two decades with an average growth rate of approximately seven percent (7%) annually.

Leather from Boer goats is thicker and stronger than other goat types and takes well to tanning making it an excellent commercial by-product. The higher value goat skins are those that have a fine grain appearance and usually come from smaller goat breeds as well as young kids. The grain appearance, and thus value, deteriorates with increases to live weight and skin surface area. Premium fine-grain skins usually come from goats with a live weight of less than twenty-five kilograms (25kg). Another sought after characteristic of goat leather is its ability to drape, which is only achievable from thinner skins, and is highly prised in the garment industry along with consistency and precision of colour.

The Australian goat skin market has suffered badly be the reliance on feral animal that produce an inferior skin due to course grain resulting from a larger hair follicle. This low quality means that only thirty percent (30%) of the skins produced are of commercial grade and even this is suitable for only the inexpensive lower end of the market such as work gloves. In a similar way angora goat skins are considered inferior to all other goat breeds.

In Australia goatskins are a by-product of the goat meat industry and as such are looked upon as of secondary value. This results in the goats not being sorted prior to slaughter on the basis of skin quality or breed type which is standard practice in other countries. As a result skins of different qualities and sizes are grouped together for sale. The need to sort these salted skins at the tannery increases the cost to the buyer and also makes it extremely difficult to meet client's requirements for particular quality or characteristics of skins. In Australia skins are only graded according to skin size which is unacceptable to most leather producing countries such as Italy and China.

Another peculiarity of the Australian goat industry is that Australia does not export the more lucrative kid skins. This is due mainly to the demand for skin-on carcasses exported into Asia. In fact over fifty percent (50%) of Australian processed goat carcasses are sold de-haired with the skin on.

One factor inhibiting the Australian goat leather industry is the relatively high cost of labour with respects to international competitors. Because of this and other factors the majority of skin exporters prefer to process to the salted and pickled stages rather than produce fully finished leather. Import duties of between twenty five and forty percent (25% - 40%) on skins at the wet-blue stage imposed by most importing countries further reduces profits and restricts Australian exports.

A Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) study of the potential of the Australian Goat Skin Industry can assist in determining the viability of one section goat farming.

Offal is another by-product of the goat meat industry. Generally frowned upon in Australia, offal is a normal part of the diet and rituals of other regions particularly Muslim countries.

Goats By John Payne



http://www.boer-goats-farmstay-bed-breakfast.com/boer-goat-blog.html

Popularising Local Goat Meat: The Star

Tuesday June 23, 2009
Popularising local goat meat


SPEAKING UP

AN order of lamb chops from a posh restaurant will bring you a nicely-done meat of sheep from the kitchen. Tender and succulent with the right proportion of meat and fat – undisputed characteristics of premium grade lamb chops. Alas they are flown from New Zealand or Australia, either chilled or frozen.

You may ask: “Why can’t we be served with Made in Malaysia lamb chops?” Your inquisitiveness may soon be rewarded when our goat industry starts to produce “chevon chops” from young Malaysian bred goats. Yes, chevon chops from goats as lamb chops from sheep.

Lately we have been seeing more local investment in goat farming. More goats are being reared today than in 2003. There are about 20,000 farmers currently involved in goat farming.

“By 2020 the country is envisaged to have 3.2 million goats reared for breeding,” says Datuk Dr Abdul Aziz Jamaluddin, Director-General of the Department of Veterinary Services, Malaysia. “These goats will be the production units to supply 68% of the national requirement for goat meat in 10 years’ time.”

In tandem with this development, the Government has encouraged the setting up of more specialised stock farms to generate high quality goats for breeding. Goats from these farms will supply the improver seedstock to uplift the productivity of goats in the industry.

The joint effort of Mardi and the Department of Veterinary Services has realised the setting up of several Boer goat multiplication farms. Added to that, the East Coast Economic Corridor Development Council has also supported the establishment of such a farm in Terengganu. As is crucial in the other industries, goat marketing has yet to be developed. Currently the many players in the industry have their own strategies to cater to the different market segments – breeding farms, slaughter markets, organic fertiliser processors.

A private sector driven marketing system encompassing all players in the value chain may solve some of the hiccups in the trading and production of meat goats in this country. Why meat from Boer goats and not from our own indigenous Kajang goats? As far as meat yield is concerned, no other breed has yet to surpass the productivity of Boer goats.

At a similar age of slaughter (12 months), Boer goats produce 30% more meat than Kajang. On two hectares of land, Boer goats yield 210% more kilogrammes of live weight than Kajang goats. Loin portion – from where chevon chops are cut – of Boer goats is 40% heavier than Kajang. Besides, there are many other plus factors when raising Boer goats – ability to breed all year round, and general adaptability to many habitats.

This is not to deny the many virtues of Kajang goats. They are hardy and thrive on poor feeding environment, among others. We need to concurrently improve the Kajang goats by getting them to produce more meat per kilogramme of feed. We could do so by upgrading the local Kajang goats with the Boer. A similar path could also be opted for Jamnapari goats.

Many more things need to be done to get the level of local production to reach the critical mass beyond the breeding phase. Good nutrition is crucial to ensure the productivity potential of Boer goats is not hindered.

Goat rearers require the right skill and knowledge in the husbandry of goats. Use of modern reproductive biotechnologies involving the manipulation and utilisation of semen, embryos and other ovarian products, needs to be explored and commercially applied.

Kajang and other Asiatic goat breeds should be exploited to add to the much needed population of breeder goats, surrogate mothers and replacements. The feeding of goats in the breeding farms and feedlots has to be intensified with more efficient use of locally available feedstuffs, including by-products from rice and oil palm.

Opportunities abound to cater to the demand of the global halal market of which goat meat could form a substantial portion in the coming years.

Professor Mohamed Ali Rajion of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Universiti Putra Malaysia has even attempted to produce health-enhancing chevon containing increased concentration of unsaturated omega-3 fatty acids.

Much has been said about reinventing agriculture as a third engine of economic growth for Malaysia. Goat farming, when done systematically, can enable the smallholders in the villages to sustain a reasonable income. Going big commercially in the production of goat meat and breeding stock has its role in the national agenda to increase agricultural productivity of the country.

Perhaps this time around we could collectively realise the popular aspiration of meeting our own food needs and being less dependable on outside supplies. And chevon from local goats is surely a nutritious item on the family menu.

Prof Dr Mohamed Ariff Omar
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Universiti Putra Malaysia

Gambar-Gambar Terkini Kambing KPMNJ: 20/2/2010









Meat Industry Strategic Plan

PDF
Australia's Red-Meat And Livestock Industry
- Meat Industry Strategic Plan

Alberta Goat Industry Market Research

PDF
Alberta Goat Industry Market Research Report
by Alberta Goat Breeders Assoc. January 2009

The Livestock Industry In Malaysia: Moving Foward In The Next 3-5 Years

PDF
The Livestock Industry In Malaysia: Moving Foward In The Next 3-5 Years
Austrade Symposium: maha 2008

maeps, Serdang, Selangor, 11 August 2008

Goat Farming In Malaysia - Challenges & Solution

search for PDF:
Goat farming in malaysia - challenges and solutions by Tim Johnson, Goat Industry Development Officer, South Perth. Department Agriculture and Food WA (DAFWA) - MAHA 2008
www.austrade.gov.au/.../1418/MAHA-Tim-Johnson-Aug08.pdf.aspx

Kambing Disebut Dalam Al-Quran: Al-An'am (143)

Eight pairs: Of the sheep twain, and of the goats twain. Say: Hath He forbidden the two males or the two females, or that which the wombs of the two females contain? Expound to me (the case) with knowledge, if ye are truthful.

(Binatang ternak itu) delapan ekor – (empat) pasangan; dari kambing biri-biri dua ekor (sepasang jantan betina), dan dari kambing biasa dua ekor (sepasang jantan betina). Tanyalah (wahai Muhammad kepada orang-orang musyrik itu): “Adakah yang diharamkan Allah itu, dua jantannya atau dua betinanya, atau yang dikandung oleh rahim dua betinanya? Terangkanlah kepadaku dengan berdasarkan ilmu pengetahuan (Syarak dari Allah yang menjadi dalil tentang haramnya), jika betul kamu orang-orang yang benar”.

Al-An’aam (143)

13 Mac 2010: Promosi Makan Daging Kambing Boer

KPMNJ akan menyembelih 2 ekor kambing Boer pada 13 Mac 2010 sebagai promosi makan daging kambing Boer kepada kakitangan KPMNJ sendiri. Sekor lagi akan disembelih bagi tujuan bekalan daging untuk kenduri perkahwinan.

Khasiat makan daging kambing boleh dibaca pada pos-pos yang lalu.

Salam hormat,
CMK

KPMNJ Ternak 300 Kambing Boer: Harian Metro 3/3/2010